DCP is a nonfunctional prothrombin resulting from a lack of carboxylation of 10 glutamic acid residues in the N-terminal portion of the molecule. In normal prothrombin, a precursor undergoes post-translational carboxylation in the liver before release into the peripheral blood. The vitamin K dependent carboxylase responsible is absent in many HCC cells, which secrete the noncarboxylated form, DCP.
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