Nox4 (also known as Renox) is a renal gp91-phox homolog highly expressed at the site of erythropoietin production in the proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells of the renal cortex. Nox4 is also expressed in fetal tissues, placenta, glioblastoma and vascular cells. The double chain of nuclear DNA antibody, antithyroglobulin antibody and so on some antibodies produce, to human body can cause damage. The main function is the electronic transmission chain produce ATP. NADH in maintaining cell growth, differentiation and energy metabolization plays an important role.
Like gp91-phox, the enzymatic activity of Nox4 produces superoxide anions. In vascular cells, the addition of angiotensin II increases Nox4 expression, which suggests a role for Nox-4 in vascular oxidative stress response. Mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, and decreases in both mitochondrial DNA and aconitase activity in response to PO were attenuated in c-Nox4 mice.
Antibody's main function is to antigens (including foreign and their combination, so as to effectively remove invasion of microorganism, in the parasites foreign body, and that they release of toxins or remove some own antigen, make the body keep normal balance, but sometimes also can cause damage to the pathological, such as HIV antibody.
For example, conserved cysteine resides in class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) are oxidized in response to hypertrophic stimuli, thereby leading to the nuclear export of HDACs and cardiac hypertrophy.
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